3rd Heavy
Artillery
Pennsylvania Volunteers
Battery H
Name |
Rank |
Date of Muster |
Remarks |
Wm. D. Rank | Captain | January 19, 1863 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Wm. M. Runkel | 1st Lt. | October 23, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Thomas B. Nelson | 1st Lt. | January 19, 1863 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
John A. Light | 2d Lt. | September 16, 1862 | Promoted from Sergeant, March 2, 1863; resigned May 10, 1865 |
Fre'k A. Knocekey | 2d Lt. | October 2, 1862 | Promoted from 1st Sergeant, May 3, 1864; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Byron Pope | 2d Lt. | September 15, 1862 | Promoted from 1st Sergeant, June 13, 1865; Brevet 1st Lt., June 13, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
James C. Richey | 1st Sergeant | February 12, 1864 | Promoted from Corporal, June 17, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865; Vet |
Elias H. Trader | Quarter Master Sergeant | February 29, 1864 | Promoted from Corporal, June 17, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
George H. Spang | Quarter Master Sergeant | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Wm. L. Billman | Quarter Master Sergeant | October 18, 1862 | Died at Baltimore, Md., March 7, 1864; buried in Loudon Park National Cemetery |
Joseph Riegger | Sergeant | October 31, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Michael Manum | Sergeant | October 22, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Christ. H. Mutchler | Sergeant | October 22, 1862 | Promoted from Corporal, June 17, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Aaron Aurentz | Sergeant | October 24, 1862 | Promoted from Corporal, June 17, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Henry Hoke | Sergeant | October 13, 1862 | Promoted from Corporal, June 17, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Frederick B. Baird | Sergeant | February 20, 1864 | Promoted from Corporal, June 17, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865; Vet |
John H. Uhler | Sergeant | September 16, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
William Gassert | Sergeant | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Joseph F. Oberly | Sergeant | September 24, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
John A. Smith | Sergeant | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Newton W. Cooper | Sergeant | September 23, 1862 | Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, December 15, 1863 |
UriahJ. Bumberger | Sergeant | September 16, 1862 | Died at Camden, N. J., December 14, 1862 |
Alfred Rudy | Sergeant | September 27, 1862 | Died at Relay House, Md., September 21, 1864; buried in London Park National Cemetery, Baltimore |
Adam Allwein | Corporal | October 22, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Harmon Ishler | Corporal | October 24, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Uriah Ryan | Corporal | February 12, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865; Vet |
Levi Mook | Corporal | February 22, 1864 | Promoted to Corporal, June 16, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
David J. Coon | Corporal | February 12, 1864 | Promoted to Corporal, June 16, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865; Vet |
Jos. C. Daugherty | Corporal | February 12, 1864 | Promoted to Corporal, June 16, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865; Vet |
Hugh K. M'Junkin | Corporal | February 15, 1864 | Promoted to Corporal, June 16, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
John Foster | Corporal | January 28, 1864 | Promloted to Corporal, June 16, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25. 1865 |
William Willson | Corporal | February 12, 1864 | Promoted to Corporal, June 16, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Lorenzo Gleason | Corporal | February 29, 1864 | Promoted to Corporal, June 16, 1865; mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Joseph Lints | Corporal | February 11, 1864 | Promoted to Corporal, June 16, 1865; mustered outwith Battery, July 25, 1865 |
John W. Covert | Corporal | February 26, 1864 | Promoted to Corporal, June 16, 1865; mustered outwith Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Henry Brandt | Corporal | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
James D. Dissinger | Corporal | September 20, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Bernard Green | Corporal | September 15, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Levi Funk | Corporal | September 23, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
Henry Lockwood | Corporal | December 16, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
Andrew Bruno | Musician | October 13, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
William Arger | Musician | February 18, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Jonathan Forney | Artificer | October 22, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Henry F. Lenick | Artificer | October 22, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
John Louser | Artificer | October 13, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
Abbott, John | Private | February 12, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Alexander, Joseph | Private | February 12, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Allwein, Joseph B. | Private | October 22, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Arnold, John P. | Private | September 16, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Atcherson, Jos. R. | Private | January 8, 1863 | Deserted April 1, 1863 |
Bair, Simon P. | Private | October 30, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Barido, Nicholas | Private | February 13, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Beck, John C | Private | November 3, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Boger, John | Private | November 4, 1862 | Mustered out with buttory, July 25, 1865 |
Bomboy, Jacob W. | Private | February 29, 1864 | Mustered out with:Battery, July 25, 1865; Vet |
Brownwell, Daniel | Private | December 16, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Bair, William | Private | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Beck, Horace | Private | October 25, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
Birch, Reuben | Private | September 23,-'62 | Discharged by Special Order, April 21, 1864 |
Brewer, John | Private | October 22'62 | Discharged by Special Order, date unknown |
Brown, Aaron | Private | October. 23, 1862 | Deserted October 24, 1862 |
Bohlen, William | Private | November 1, 1862 | Deserted November 3, 1862 |
Brannal. Daniel | Private | November 1, 1862 | Deserted November 3, 1862 |
Burns, Henry | Private | November 1, 1862 | Deserted November 3, 1862 |
Bennett, Samuel | Private | December 17, 1862 | Deserted January 4, 1863 |
Brandt, Abr'm R. | Private | January 19, 1863 | Deserted May 25, 1863 |
Buchter, Henry W. | Private | January 18, 1864 | Not on muster-out roll |
Cornell, Joseph | Private | November 14, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Cole, Asa | Private | February 15, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Cole, Ira B. | Private | February 15, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Comstock, Vin'd S. | Private | February 16, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Cooper, Thomas B. | Private | February 23, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Coniffer, George M. | Private | February 22, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865; Vet |
Clark, Henry | Private | October 24, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
Clark, Jacob W. | Private | December 20, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
Cramer, Martin S. | Private | September 23, 1862 | Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, December 15, 1863 |
Curridon, Chas. W. | Private | October 2, 1862 | Deserted, 1862 |
Cunnahan, John. | Private | October 22, 1862 | Deserted October 27, 1862 |
Crossman, Henry | Private | October 31, 1862 | Deserted November 5, 1862 |
Charleston. John R. | Private | October 25, 1862 | Deserted May 22, 1863 |
C'arberry, John | Private | August 19, 1864 | Not on muster-out roll |
Condrern, Edward | Private | December 30, 1863 | Not on muster-out roll |
Derr, John | Private | October 13, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Distler, Frederick | Private | February 29, 1864 | Mulstered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Divebbis, George | Private | November 14, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
DeRushy, Peter | Private | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Dillinger, John | Private | October 25, 1862 | Discharged onl Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
Dundrum, John | Private | September 23, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
Deetrell, William | Private | October 29, 1862 | Deserted October 30, 1862 |
Drake, Francis | Private | March 23, 1864 | Not on muster-out roll |
Everson, Henry | Private | October 31, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Eichelberger, John | Private | September 23, 1862 | Deserted April 1, 1863 |
Fox, Samuel D. | Private | October 13, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Frost, Reuben W. | Private | February 20, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Felleulbaum, Wm. | Private | September 18, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Fitzgerald, John | Private | September 20, 1862 | Deserted September 21, 1862 |
Franklin, Thomas | Private | September 24, 1862 | Deserted November 6, 1862 |
Feeser, Thomas | Private | October 25, 1862 | Deserted December 20, 1862 |
Feisler, Robert | Private | November 21, 1862 | Deserted January 31, 1863 |
Fox, John M. | Private | December 30, 1863 | Not on muster-out roll |
Gillson, James A. | Private | February 23, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Griffith, David | Private | November 3, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Griffith, Thomas | Private | March 11, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865; Vet |
Godfrey, Jona'n M. | Private | February 11, 1864 | Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, April 1, 1865 |
Graham, Robert | Private | *October 24, 1862 | Deserted November 5, 1862 |
Gibbs, James M. | Private | October 31, 1862 | Deserted May 22, 1863 |
Gamball, Jacob | Private | October 25, 1862 | Deserted September 18, 1863 |
Gandrum, John | Private | September 23, 1862 | Not on luster-out roll |
Hainley, Henry | Private | November 28, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Hall, Reuben T. | Private | *February 26, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Harmon, Edward | Private | February 16, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Hays, Rady P. | Private | February 20, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Hinds, John | Private | February 26, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Hoffman, William | Private | October 13, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Hoke, Daniel | Private | November 3, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Hook, Nelson | Private | February 23, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Hook, Sainuel G. | Private | February 23, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Hook, Lemuel N. | Private | February 23, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Hotchkiss, Lewis | Private | February 25, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Hagmiller, John | Private | October 21, 1862 | Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, December 15, 1863 |
Holmes, Henry H. | Private | October 31, 1862 | Died at Relay House, Md., September 23, 1864 |
Herring, David | Private | October 25, 1862 | Deserted September 18, 1863 |
Hipwell, Henry W. | Private | March 22, 1864 | Not on muster-out roll |
Hoffman, James | Private | September 24, 1864 | Not on muster-out roll |
HIinkle, Edwin R. | Private | August 30, 1864 | Not on muster-out roll |
Irvin, William | Private | February 15, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Ingle, Almon | Private | March 22, 1864 | Not on muster-out roll |
Jarvis, Robert W. | Private | February 17, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Jones, William | Private | February 16, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Jones, Owen | Private | March 19, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Johnson, John N. | Private | October 22, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
James, John B. | Private | October 31, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, January 11, 1864 |
James. John D. | Private | September 16, 1864 | Discharged by General Order, June 9, 1865 |
Kent, Hiram E. | Private | February 18, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Knightlinger, Wm. | Private | February 20, 1864 | Absent, without leave, at muster out |
Kline, Joseph M. | Private | October 25, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery. July 25, 1865 |
Kuhn, Jacob | Private | February 13, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Kochenberger, D. B. | Private | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Kurtz, Israel A. | Private | September 18, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Kline, Lewis | Private | October 17, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, April 21, 1864 |
Knepfler, Philip | Private | October 22, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, April 21, 1864 |
Kralner, Peter | Private | September 28, 1862 | Deserted November 23, 1862 |
Langdon, James R. | Private | February 25, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Lantz, Henry | Private | February 20, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Leonard, Daniel | Private | February 1, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Light, Peter H. | Private | October 22, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Light, William | Private | March 8, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Lohr, Herman | Private | January 2, 1863 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Light, David | Private | September 16, 1862 | Discharged: by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Light, Asa | Private | September 23, 1862 | Died at Baltimore, Md., August 31, 1864 |
Light, Landis | Private | October 22, 1862 | Deserted February 15, 1863 |
Magee, Adam | Private | January 16, 1864 | Mlustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Martin, Samuel | Private | February 19, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Miller, Charles | Private | October 2, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Miller, Philip | Private | October 2, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Miller, James B. | Private | January 7, 1863 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Morton, Willicam | Private | February 23, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Morchell, Pal | Private | February 29, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Mosher, Edward C. | Private | February 25, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery; July 25, 1865 |
Mouck, Edward W. | Private | February 19, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Meloy William | Private | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16,. 1865 |
Morrison, George | Private | December 22, 1862 | Deserted January 12, 1863 |
Matthewson, W. B. | Private | March 22, 1864 | Not on muster-out roll |
M'Intyre, John | Private | February 23, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865; Vet |
M'Cansey, John H. | Private | August 1, 1864 | Discharged by General Order, June 24, 1865 |
Null, John | Private | October 25, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Nuttle, Henry | Private | February 17, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Nye, Adam | Private | September 16, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Nelson, David J. | Private | October 29, 1862 | Deserted October 30, 1862 |
Nohrenhold, Peter | Private | January 16, 1863 | Deserted May 9, 1863 |
Otterman, John W. | Private | February 16, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Patterson, Frank K. | Private | February 12, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Parker, John H. | Private | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Peters, Levi | Private | September 16, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Place, Ambrose | Private | February 29, 1864 | Died at Relay House, Md., April 30, 1864 |
Pervis, John | Private | October 16, 1862 | Deserted November 6, 1862 |
Phillips, Harry | Private | February 25, 1864 | Not on muster-out roll |
Peters, George W. | Private | January 18, 1864 | Not on muster-out roll |
Quish, William M. | Private | November 2, 1862 | Deserted November 16, 1862 |
Rainey, John M. | Private | March 15, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Reed, Isaac | Private | October 25, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Richards, John | Private | February 15, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Robinson, James | Private | January 12, 1863 | Absent, sick, at muster out |
Rosser, Walter | Private | March 17, 1864 | Absent, sick, at muster out |
Ruppert, Emanuel | Private | February 20, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Rupp. George S. | Private | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Rudy, Cyrus B. | Private | October 2S, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, June 21, 1865 |
Robberts, William | Private | October 21, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, April 21, 1864 |
Rapp, Thomas J. | Private | December 20, 1862 | Died at Baltimore, Md., December 19, 1863; buried in Loudon Park National Cemetery |
Reily, Matthew | Private | October 2, 1862 | Deserted November 3, 1862 |
Race, Henry | Private | December 15, 1862 | Deserted July 30, 1863 |
Reily, Luke | Private | December 22, 1862 | Deserted February 22, 1863 |
Rohrer, Cyrus | Private | October 22, 1862 | Deserted June 17, 1863 |
Salen, John | Private | October 24, 1862 | Absent, sick, at muster out |
Saladin, Charles | Private | February 29, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Shalk, John H. | Private | January 9, 1863 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Shantz, Abraham | Private | January 8, 1863 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Shaw, John E. | Private | February 9, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Showers, William | Private | October 25, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Shreckengost, Dan'l. | Private | February 25, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Siuroff, Samuel S. | Private | October 2, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Smith, David C. | Private | October 24, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Smith, George D. | Private | February 11, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Smith, John | Private | February 15, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Snaively, John | Private | October 24, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Spangler, Vincent | Private | October 22, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Starlates, Wm. J. | Private | February 12, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865; Vet |
Sturges, Byron | Private | February 20, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865; Vet |
Stevens, Daniel A. | Private | February 20, 1864 | Discharged by General Order, July 22, 1865 |
Sours, Christian | Private | October 28, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, May 1 1865 |
Shealy, Peter | Private | January 10, 1863 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
Snyder, Israel | Private | October 13, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
Stephens, James | Private | September 27, 1862 | Deserted February 22, 1863 |
Stewart, James | Private | October 31, 1862 | Deserted November 24, 1862 |
Souders, John R. | Private | October 9, 1862 | Deserted May 9, 1863 |
Shitz, Jacob M. | Private | January 16, 1863 | Deserted August 19, 1863 |
Thorpe, Henry | Private | February 12, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Troxel, Joseph, Jr. | Private | October 25, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Tracy, Orin P. | Private | February 11, 1864 | Died at Baltimore, Md., April 8, 1864; buried in Loudon Park National Cemetery |
Uhrich, David P. | Private | October 27, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Umberger, Moses | Private | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16, 1865 |
Van Horn, Wm. L. | Private | December 7, 1862 | Discharged by General Order, May 22, 1865 |
Vader, Danforth | Private | February 20, 1864 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, May 15, 1865 |
Wallace, Sheply H. | Private | February 25, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Walters, Benjamin | Private | March 18, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Webster, Charles | Private | February 26, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Wirze. Lorenz | Private | January 10, 1863 | Absent, sick, at muster out |
Williams, Jas. W. | Private | January 7, 1863 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Worden, Lewis | Private | February 25, 1864 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Wise, Joseph | Private | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special Order, June 16. 1865 |
Wagaoner, John F. | Private | December 22, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16. 1863 |
Weberling. Adolp | Private | October 17, 1862 | Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 16, 1863 |
White, Samuel | Private | October 13, 1862 | Died at Baltimore, Md., October 9, 1863; burial record, October 3, 1863; buried in Loudon Park National Cemetery |
Westerfield, John | Private | October 20, 1862 | Deserted October 21, 1862 |
Washington, Henry | Private | November 5, 1862 | Deserted Niovember 6, 1862 |
Youngs, John B. | Private | October 2, 1862 | Mustered out with Battery, July 25, 1865 |
Zweitzcg, Cyrus M. | Private | September 23, 1862 | Discharged by Special order, June 16, 1865 |
Source: Bates, Samuel P. History of the Pennsylvania Volunteers, 1861-65, Harrisburg, 1868-1871.
© 2015 Alice J. Gayley, all rights reserved